LOW-TEMPERATURE SINTERING OF ZnO-Bi₂O₃-BASED VARISTOR CERAMICS FOR ENHANCED MICROSTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT AND CURRENT-VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS

Metal Oxide ZnO-Based Varistor Ceramics

The effect of composition on flash sintering parameters of varistors based on ZBS

Flash sintering is one of the latest sintering processes of ceramics, which has recently attracted the attention of researchers due to its high sintering speed and significant energy reduction. An essential feature of successful flash is negative temperature coefficient (NTC) semiconductor behavior. In this research, the flash sinter process of ceramic varistor based on ZnO-Bi2O3-Sb2O3 (ZBS) ha...

Optimization of Bi2O3, TiO2, and Sb2O3 Doped ZnO-Based Low-Voltage Varistor Ceramic to Maximize Nonlinear Electrical Properties

In ZnO-based low voltage varistor, the two essential features of microstructure determining its nonlinear response are the formation Bi-enriched active grain boundaries as well as a controlled ZnO grain size by secondary spinel-type phases. Besides, the microstructure and phase composition are strongly affected by the dopant concentration during sintering process. In this study, the optimal dop...

Effect of Co3O4 doping on nonlinear coefficient in Zn-Bi-Ti-O varistor ceramics

In the ZnO based varistor, the improvement of nonlinear coefficient (α) and prevention of evaporation of Bi2O3 during heat treatments can be achieved by the addition of MnO2 or Co3O4. In this conjunction, it is proper to see the effect of these additives at different low mol percentage and sintering conditions to nonlinear coefficient improvement of the varistor ceramics. In this paper, the inv...

Optimizing Bi2O3 and TiO2 to achieve the maximum non-linear electrical property of ZnO low voltage varistor

BACKGROUND In fabrication of ZnO-based low voltage varistor, Bi2O3 and TiO2 have been used as former and grain growth enhancer factors respectively. Therefore, the molar ratio of the factors is quit important in the fabrication. In this paper, modeling and optimization of Bi2O3 and TiO2 was carried out by response surface methodology to achieve maximized electrical properties. The fabrication w...